Python Numbers

Int
Float
Complex
Type Conversion
Random Number
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​Python Numbers​
​

There are three numeric types in Python:
  • int
  • float
  • complex
Variables of numeric types are created when you assign a value to them:
x = 1      # int
y = 2.8  # float
z = 1j     # complex

To verify the type of any object in Python, use the type() function:​
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Int
​

​Int, or integer, is a whole number, positive or negative, without decimals, of
unlimited length.

​Integers:
x = 1
y = 35656222554887711
z = -3255522

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Float

Float, or "floating point number" is a number, positive or negative, containing
one or more decimals.​

​Floats:
x = 1.10
y = 1.0
z = -35.59

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Float can also be scientific numbers with an "e" to indicate the power of 10:
x = 35e3
y = 12E4
z = -87.7e100

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Complex

Complex numbers are written with a "j" as the imaginary part:

Complex
x = 3+5j
y = 5j
z = -5j

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

​Type Conversion

You can convert from one type to another with the int(), float(), and
complex() methods:

Convert from one type to another:​
x = 1 # int
y = 2.8 # float
z = 1j # complex

#convert from int to float:
a = float(x)

#convert from float to int:
b = int(y)

#convert from int to complex:
c = complex(x)

print(a)
print(b)
print(c)

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
Note: You cannot convert complex numbers into another number type.

Random Number​

Python does not have a random() function to make a random number, but
Python has a built-in module called random that can be used to make random
numbers:

Import the random module, and display a random number between 1 and 9:​
import random
print(random.randrange(1, 10))
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